{"questions":[{"id":"ppsc-comp-basics-01","v":1,"subject":"computer","chapter":"computer-basics","seed":true,"difficulty":1,"stem":"Which type of memory loses its contents when the power is switched off?","options":["ROM","Hard disk","RAM","Flash drive"],"answer":2,"explain":{"en":"RAM (random access memory) is volatile: it holds running programs and data only while powered. ROM, hard disks and flash drives keep data without power (non-volatile).","ur":"RAM عارضی (volatile) میموری ہے: یہ بجلی رہنے تک ہی چلتے پروگرام اور ڈیٹا رکھتی ہے۔ ROM، ہارڈ ڈسک اور فلیش ڈرائیو بجلی کے بغیر بھی ڈیٹا محفوظ رکھتی ہیں۔"},"source":{"kind":"parcha-original"},"status":"sample","exam":"ppsc"},{"id":"ppsc-comp-basics-02","v":1,"subject":"computer","chapter":"computer-basics","difficulty":1,"stem":"One byte is equal to:","options":["4 bits","8 bits","16 bits","1024 bits"],"answer":1,"explain":{"en":"A byte is 8 bits. A kilobyte is 1,024 bytes (in the binary convention).","ur":"ایک بائٹ 8 بٹس کا ہوتا ہے۔ ایک کلوبائٹ 1,024 بائٹس ہے (بائنری طریقے میں)۔"},"source":{"kind":"parcha-original"},"status":"sample","exam":"ppsc"},{"id":"ppsc-comp-basics-03","v":1,"subject":"computer","chapter":"computer-basics","difficulty":2,"stem":"The binary form of the decimal number 10 is:","options":["1100","1001","1110","1010"],"answer":3,"explain":{"en":"10 = 8 + 2 = (1 × 8) + (0 × 4) + (1 × 2) + (0 × 1), which is 1010 in binary.","ur":"10 = 8 + 2 = (1 × 8) + (0 × 4) + (1 × 2) + (0 × 1)، یعنی بائنری میں 1010۔"},"source":{"kind":"parcha-original"},"status":"sample","exam":"ppsc"},{"id":"ppsc-comp-basics-04","v":1,"subject":"computer","chapter":"computer-basics","difficulty":1,"stem":"Which part is often called the \"brain\" of the computer?","options":["CPU","Monitor","Keyboard","Power supply"],"answer":0,"explain":{"en":"The CPU (central processing unit) carries out program instructions and does the calculations, so it is called the brain of the computer.","ur":"سی پی یو (سینٹرل پروسیسنگ یونٹ) پروگرام کی ہدایات پر عمل اور حساب کتاب کرتا ہے، اس لیے اسے کمپیوٹر کا دماغ کہتے ہیں۔"},"source":{"kind":"parcha-original"},"status":"sample","exam":"ppsc"},{"id":"ppsc-comp-basics-05","v":1,"subject":"computer","chapter":"computer-basics","difficulty":1,"stem":"In most Windows programs, the keyboard shortcut to undo the last action is:","options":["Ctrl + Y","Ctrl + X","Ctrl + Z","Ctrl + U"],"answer":2,"explain":{"en":"Ctrl + Z undoes the last action. Ctrl + Y usually redoes it, Ctrl + X cuts, and Ctrl + U underlines in word processors.","ur":"Ctrl + Z آخری کام واپس کرتا ہے۔ Ctrl + Y عموماً دوبارہ کرتا ہے، Ctrl + X کٹ کرتا ہے اور ورڈ پروسیسر میں Ctrl + U انڈر لائن کرتا ہے۔"},"source":{"kind":"parcha-original"},"status":"sample","exam":"ppsc"},{"id":"ppsc-comp-basics-06","v":1,"subject":"computer","chapter":"computer-basics","difficulty":1,"stem":"HTTP stands for:","options":["High Transfer Text Process","HyperText Transfer Protocol","Hyperlink Text Transmission Program","Home Tool Transfer Protocol"],"answer":1,"explain":{"en":"HTTP is the HyperText Transfer Protocol, the rule set browsers and web servers use to exchange web pages. HTTPS is its encrypted form.","ur":"HTTP کا مطلب HyperText Transfer Protocol ہے، وہ اصول جن سے براؤزر اور ویب سرور صفحات کا تبادلہ کرتے ہیں۔ HTTPS اس کی خفیہ (encrypted) شکل ہے۔"},"source":{"kind":"parcha-original"},"status":"sample","exam":"ppsc"}]}