Human health and nutrition MCQs
CSS · Everyday science · 6 questions
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Revision summary
CSS everyday science: human health
Health questions in everyday science mostly test deficiency diseases, glands and blood. Vitamins: A deficiency causes night blindness, B1 (thiamine) beriberi, C scurvy (bleeding gums, slow healing) and D rickets (soft, bent bones in children); vitamin K helps blood clot. Minerals: iron deficiency causes anaemia and iodine deficiency goitre, which iodised salt prevents. Glands: the pancreas makes insulin (beta cells of the islets of Langerhans), which lowers blood glucose; the thyroid controls metabolism; the pituitary, under the brain, controls several other glands. Blood: red cells carry oxygen with haemoglobin, white cells fight infection, platelets help clotting, and plasma carries dissolved food, hormones and wastes. Normal body temperature is about 37 °C (98.6 °F). Learn these as pairs (vitamin → disease, gland → hormone), because MCQs swap them as distractors.
Questions with answers
Written by Parcha from the syllabus. Samples until a subject reviewer checks them; report anything wrong from the practice screen.
Q1 · Parcha original · Sample
Deficiency of vitamin C causes:
- A. Rickets
- B. Night blindness
- C. Beriberi
- D. Scurvy
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Answer: D. Scurvy
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is needed to make collagen; without it gums bleed and wounds heal slowly: scurvy. Rickets is vitamin D deficiency, night blindness vitamin A, and beriberi vitamin B1 (thiamine).
Open this question on its own pageQ2 · Parcha original · Sample
Rickets in children is caused by a lack of:
- A. Vitamin D
- B. Vitamin K
- C. Iron
- D. Vitamin B12
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Answer: A. Vitamin D
Vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium and phosphate; without it bones stay soft and bend (rickets). Sunlight on the skin makes vitamin D.
Q3 · Parcha original · Sample
Insulin is produced by the:
- A. Liver
- B. Thyroid gland
- C. Pancreas
- D. Kidneys
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Answer: C. Pancreas
Beta cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas make insulin, which lowers blood glucose. Too little insulin (or resistance to it) causes diabetes mellitus.
Q4 · Parcha original · Sample
Normal human body temperature is about:
- A. 35 °C
- B. 37 °C
- C. 39 °C
- D. 42 °C
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Answer: B. 37 °C
Normal body temperature is about 37 °C (98.6 °F), varying slightly through the day. A temperature of 38 °C or more is usually treated as a fever.
Q5 · Parcha original · Sample
Which blood cells mainly defend the body against infection?
- A. Red blood cells
- B. Platelets
- C. White blood cells
- D. Plasma proteins only
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Answer: C. White blood cells
White blood cells (leucocytes) engulf germs and make antibodies. Red blood cells carry oxygen, and platelets help blood clot.
Q6 · Parcha original · Sample
Iodine deficiency commonly causes:
- A. Anaemia
- B. Goitre
- C. Scurvy
- D. Diabetes
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Answer: B. Goitre
The thyroid gland needs iodine to make its hormones; without enough, it swells (goitre). Iodised salt prevents it. Anaemia is usually caused by iron deficiency.