Patterns, codes and arguments MCQs
MDCAT · Logical reasoning · 6 questions
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PMDC MDCAT syllabus: Logical reasoning
Logical reasoning rewards a method more than knowledge. For number series, write the differences between terms; if they are not constant, look at the differences of the differences, or at ratios (×3 each time), squares, cubes or n(n + 1). For letter codes, write the alphabet positions (A = 1 … Z = 26) and check the shift for each letter. For orderings (taller than, older than), draw a line and place each person; relations like "taller than" are transitive. For syllogisms, draw circles: "All A are B" puts A inside B; "Some B are C" overlaps B and C somewhere, but not necessarily where A is, so no conclusion about A and C follows. For odd one out, name the property the others share (flat shapes versus a solid). Do not bring outside knowledge into argument questions: judge only what the statements say.
Questions with answers
Written by Parcha from the syllabus. Samples until a subject reviewer checks them; report anything wrong from the practice screen.
Q1 · Parcha original · Sample
Find the next number: 2, 6, 12, 20, 30, ?
- A. 36
- B. 40
- C. 42
- D. 48
Show answer
Answer: C. 42
The gaps grow by 2 each time: +4, +6, +8, +10, so the next gap is +12 and the answer is 42. (Each term is n(n + 1): 1×2, 2×3, 3×4, …, 6×7 = 42.)
Open this question on its own pageQ2 · Parcha original · Sample
All doctors are graduates. Some graduates are athletes. Which conclusion follows?
- A. All doctors are athletes.
- B. Some doctors are athletes.
- C. No doctor is an athlete.
- D. None of these follows.
Show answer
Answer: D. None of these follows.
The athletes among graduates may or may not include any doctors, so nothing definite follows about doctors and athletes. A syllogism with an undistributed middle term ("graduates") gives no conclusion.
Q3 · Parcha original · Sample
If CAT is written as DBU in a code, how is DOG written?
- A. EPH
- B. CNF
- C. EOH
- D. DPH
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Answer: A. EPH
Each letter moves one place forward in the alphabet: C→D, A→B, T→U. So D→E, O→P, G→H gives EPH.
Q4 · Parcha original · Sample
A is taller than B, and B is taller than C. Who is the shortest?
- A. A
- B. B
- C. C
- D. Cannot be determined
Show answer
Answer: C. C
The order is A > B > C, so C is the shortest. "Taller than" is transitive: if A > B and B > C, then A > C.
Q5 · Parcha original · Sample
Find the next number: 3, 9, 27, 81, ?
- A. 162
- B. 243
- C. 108
- D. 324
Show answer
Answer: B. 243
Each term is three times the one before (powers of 3), so 81 × 3 = 243.
Q6 · Parcha original · Sample
Which is the odd one out?
- A. Square
- B. Triangle
- C. Circle
- D. Cube
Show answer
Answer: D. Cube
Square, triangle and circle are flat (two-dimensional) shapes; a cube is a solid (three-dimensional) shape.